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Direct Air Capture (DAC): a transformative approach to net zero emissions.
Basics
What is Direct Air Capture (DAC)?
We need to keep global warming below 1.5°C. This requires a deployment of Negative Emission Technologies (NETs) of around 8 Gt of CO2 in 2050. Natural Climate solutions cannot do it alone.
Technology has to give support. Direct Air Capture (DAC) is a technology designed to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from the ambient air at any location. The technology aims to actively reduce the concentration of greenhouse gases in the air, helping mitigate climate change.
Two distinct technological methodologies are employed in Direct Air Capture (DAC):
Liquid DAC and solid DAC. In liquid DAC systems, ambient air is circulated through chemical solutions, such as hydroxide solutions, facilitating the removal of CO2. The system then reintegrates the chemicals into the process through the application of high-temperature heat, simultaneously returning the remaining air to the environment. On the other hand, solid DAC technology utilizes solid sorbent filters that undergo a chemical bonding process with CO2. By subjecting these filters to heat and placing them under a vacuum, they release the concentrated CO2, which is subsequently captured for storage or utilization. The CO2 can be permanently stored in deep geological formations (DAC+S) or used for a variety of applications.
Germany’s leading DAC manufacturer
Achieve net zero with DACMA – a proven direct air capture machine with high CO2 uptake and low enery demand.
DACCS
What is Direct Air Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (DACCS)?
DACCS is a process that helps to compensate for emissions that are difficult to avoid. It consists of 3 procedural stages:
- the removal of CO2 from the ambient air
- the transport of CO2 between the removal point and the storage location and
- the permanent underground storage of CO2
Based on current knowledge and according to the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI, „Direct Air Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (DACCS)” is one of the most promising technological approaches to achieve negative emissions, even if the use of the technology still has many open technical, regulatory, economic, ecological and social questions and challenges“.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Direct Air Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (DACCS) processes are necessary to achieve the Paris Agreement goals at lowest cost.
Sorbents
What are the advantages of solid sorbents vs. liquid sorbents used in DAC technologies?
Solid sorbents and liquid sorbents are materials used in carbon capture processes, including Direct Air Capture (DAC) technologies. Both types of sorbents serve the purpose of selectively capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air, but they differ in their physical state and the mechanisms involved in capturing and releasing CO2. The advantages of solid sorbents are:
- Solid sorbents are generally more stable than liquid sorbents
- It is less energy required to separate the CO2 from the solid sorbent
- Solid sorbent use less water than liquid sorbent systems
Maximum CO2 uptake – patented solid sorbents
DACMA has evaluated the capture capacity at ambient conditions of more than 40 different adsorbent materials.
“In just one year, DACMA GmbH has achieved an exponential progress in the atmospheric carbon capture journey. The strategic alliance with Repsol (both in Venturing Capital and projects) will boost the pace of this highly focused group of outstanding engineers that are persistently looking for every angle of the technology improvement. Take the time to celebrate, acknowledge your success and keep going!!!”
“One of the most relevant projects related to the development of technologies with a negative CO2 effect, the ONLY project in Brazil on Direct Air Capture multi-country Spain, Brazil Germany in Open Innovation. Repsol Sinopec Brazil Corporation, Start Up DACMA and PUC Rio Grande do Sul University. A disruptive commitment to a more decarbonized world. Being part of this project is a privilege and a unique opportunity to add value to society.”
“In collaboration with Phoenix Contact, DACMA has developed an application that contributes to CO2 decarbonization. This technology makes a significant contribution to sector coupling in the All Electric Society and to the sustainable use of energy. I am delighted that two technology-driven companies are working together so efficiently.”
“The DACMA GmbH with Jörg Spitzner and his team are not only valuable partners in our network, but also key initiators and innovators who, with DACMA, are driving forward DAC system engineering in the Hamburg metropolitan region – an essential future climate change mitigation technology.”
“Together with our partner DACMA GmbH, we are delighted to be building the first DAC machine on the HAMBURG BLUE HUB site in the Port of Hamburg. The 30-60 tons output of CO2 annually of the DACMA machine can later be used to produce e-methanol for the Port of Hamburg, for example. This is a joint milestone, as it fits in with the plan to purchase large volumes of synthetic fuels from Power-to-X plants in Africa and South America for Germany through the HAMBURG BLUE HUB”.
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